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Abstract: Most of the forest areas of Andhra Pradesh are located in 5 predominantly tribal districts in the northern part of the state. Historically, tribal communities have depended on forests for their livelihoods- both for cultivation and forest product collection. Many tribal people engage in a form of shifting cultivation in upland forests, called ‘Podu’. There are nearly 200 million tribals and other traditional forest dwellers in India who derive their livelihoods mainly from forest resources. However, in the absence of proper survey, settlement and land record, their customary rights over forest land have always been under threat. They are often considered encroachers of the land on which they live.

Abstract: Khadi holds an important position in the Textile Sector. Any handloom woven cloth from cotton, silk or woollen yarn in India may be defined as Khadi. The main objectives of the study is to raise the awareness of this versatile fabric –Khadi. The study of its origin and history takes us back to the era of National Movement and to the Unity of India. Over the years the textiles of India happened to be more refined with natural dyes and broader prints. Khadi was introduced as the fabric by the Father of the Nation – Mahatma Gandhi, who saw its potential as a means to being self-reliant, independent and bringing villages back to life. Khadi was brought up with the intention of boycotting foreign goods, and thus it became the National Movement.

Abstract: Taxation is a method of levying and collecting tax in the form of revenue by the government to development activities in the country. The Indian Constitution has clearly expressed that the State and Central governments clear and demarked and not overlapping authority to levy tax on goods & services. The Government levies two types of taxes they are Direct tax and indirect tax. The Direct tax is that the burden of tax cannot be shifted to other person.

Abstract: The challenges before us are multifarious- completion of syllabus, conducting of examination, assessments, internships and science practical. Besides these problems, more serious concern has been mental health issues-anxiety and stress related to fear of losing academic year, job opportunities and future uncertainty. For parents and students future appeared as a dark sky ahead resulting into emotional turmoil and psycho fear. The challenge before the teaching fraternity was not just to look for online methods of teaching but also to explore effective and innovative pedagogy to teach the students, keep them engaged in learning, arouse their interests in new methodologies and relax them from their anxiety and stress

Abstract: Traditional Knowledge (TK) is integral to the identity of most local communities. It is a key constituent of a community's social and physical environment and, as such, its preservation is of paramount importance. Attempts to exploit TK for industrial or commercial benefit can lead to its misappropriation and can prejudice the interests of its rightful custodians. In the fact of such risks, there is a need to develop ways and means to protect and nurture TK for sustainable development in line with the interests of TK holders. The preservation, protection and promotion of the TK based innovations and practices of local communities are particularly important for developing countries.

Abstract: The modern market for consumers for goods as well as services have undergone drastic transformation with the emergence of global supply chains, rise in international trade and the rapid development of e-commerce have led to not only plethora of products and services but also new delivery systems, options and opportunities for consumers. It has also rendered the consumer vulnerable to new forms of unethical and fraudulent practices and sale of products based on misleading information. Therefore, a robust legal framework is required to regulate the industries and protect the interests of consumers.Keywords: modern market, consumers, global supply chains

Abstract: The social security schemes in India cover only a small segment of the organized work- force, which may be defined as workers who are having a direct regular employer–employee relationship within an organization. The social security legislations in India derive their strength and spirit from the Directive Principles of the State Policy as contained in the Constitution of India. These provide for mandatory social security benefits either solely at the cost of the employers or on the basis of joint contribution of the employers and the employees. While protective entitlements accrue to the employees, the responsibilities for compliance largely rest with the employers Keywords: daily life, social security, protective entitlements

Abstract: The makers of the Indian Constitution well aware about the emerging trend of cooperative federalism in the older federations. They believed that governments in a federation were arranged not hierarchically or vertically but horizontally, that no rule of command comes from the Centre to the States, and that common policies among the various governments can be promoted not by command but by a process of discussion, agreement and compromise. The Constitution of India establishes a Federal Government with sufficient provisions for promoting the national unity and cooperation among the various governments. The Central Government and the State Governments are not independent of each other. The Central Government has been given enough power to control the State Governments. The State Governments have been made dependent on the Central Government for all types of assistance. Various provisions have been incorporated in the Constitution for administrative cooperation between the Centre and State Governments.Keywords: Indian Constitution, national priorities, social and economic objectives

Abstract: In the African-American literary canon, a fresh domain of prospects for Africans in the body of literature in the United States by writers of African descent. In the ideology of African-American literature, fecund writers have explored themselves as poets, novelists, short story writers, critics, essayists and supporters for Black Literature. They have showcased the malicious effects of racism, classism, sexism and gender dissonance. These works of literature have concentrated on the vision of the struggle between individual freedom and physical freedom, psychological freedom, particularly in social restraints. These dehumanizing characteristics have bequeathed untreatable wounds on the emotional and psychological planes upon the individuals. Writers in this area have metaphorically transformed through their works of fiction by shining a light on the impact of their approaches to comprehend and bring out the intricate nuances of African behaviour. Writers, through their works, have shown how the Africans have been under white supremacy for generations together. Their fictional works have often explored the lives of marginalized Africans in multi-ethnic and multicultural America. Keyword: Racism, gender, class, slavery, history and Afro-American literature

Abstract: Education is one of the most important tools of Women Empowerment as only the educated women can play a very crucial role in the socio-economic development of our country as well as becoming informed citizens, parents and family members. The progress of women’s education in rural are very slow implying that still large women folk of our country are illiterate, weak, backward and exploited. Therefore, educating the women is the most powerful instrument that can bring change of position of women in society bringing reduction in inequalities and function as a means of improving their status within the family. Education implies not only gaining knowledge but also transforming that knowledge into application through vocational training and skill development.Keywords: inequalities, women folk, Education

Abstract: Education is the process by which a person’s body, mind and character are formed and strengthened that enables him/her to develop his/her overall personality. The major role played here is by the teacher who make an effort to disseminate knowledge among students. He is the pivot around which all the educational programs, such as curriculum, syllabus, textbooks, evaluation, etc., rotate. The best system of education may fail to achieve the desire ends in the absence of sincere, competent and professionally aware teachers. Hence retention of high quality teachers becomes important. It is also important to understand the factors behind the retention of the good teachers. One such factor behind the retention of the good teacher is job satisfaction. For a faculty member job satisfaction is highly essential that forms the fundamental reason for effective working and it is very crucial to the long-term growth of any educational institution. Therefore, this satisfaction can have an impact in the behavior of a faculty member and can influence them to be productive in activities in their institutions. In this connection, the researcher has taken a study to review the literature in Higher Education with the aim of evaluating the state of research and to suggest future research directions. KEY WORDS: Quality of Work Life, Job Satisfaction, Faculty, Education, Teachers

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